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Jean-Christophe Aude,
Yolande Diaz-Lazcoz,
Jean-Jacques Codani and
Jean-Loup Risler. Applications of the Pyramidal Clustering Method to Biological Objects. In CC, Vol. 23(3-4):303-315, 1999.
Keywords: from distances, phylogenetic network, phylogeny, Program Pyramids, pyramid, reconstruction, software, visualization.
Note: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0097-8485(99)00006-6.
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W. Ford Doolittle. Phylogenetic Classification and the Universal Tree. In Science, Vol. 284:2124-2128, 1999.
Note: http://cas.bellarmine.edu/tietjen/Ecology/phylogenetic_classification_and_.htm.
Toggle abstract
"From comparative analyses of the nucleotide sequences of genes encoding ribosornal RNAs and several proteins, molecular phylogeneticists have constructed a 'universal- tree of life,' taking it as the basis for a 'natural' hierarchical classification of all living things. Although confidence in some of the tree s early branches has recently been shaken, new approaches could still resolve many methodological uncertainties. More challenging is evidence that most archaeal and bacterial genomes (and the inferred ancestral eukaryotic nuclear genome) contain genes from multiple sources. If 'chimerism' or 'lateral gene transfer' cannot be dismissed as trivial in extent or limited to special categories of genes, then no hierarchical universal classification can be taken as natural. Molecular phylogeneticists will have failed to find the 'true tree,' not because their methods are inadequate or because they have chosen the wrong genes, but because the history of life cannot properly be represented as a tree. However, taxonomies based on molecular sequences will remain indispensable, and understanding of the evolutionary process will ultimately be enriched, not impoverished."
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- forked on GitHub.